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You are here: Home / Spanish Grammar 106 Demonstratives

Spanish Grammar 106 Demonstratives

There are two types of demonstratives: demonstrative adjectives and demonstrative pronouns.

A demonstrative adjective is a word used to describe a noun.
A demonstrative pronoun is the word which takes the place of a noun.


First, demonstrative adjectives. There are various forms, depending on the gender of the noun /object (masculine or feminine), whether it’s singular or plural, and whether the noun is perceived as being close to us or not.

Masculine singular:

este (this)
ese (that)
aquel (that one over there)

Masculine plural:

estos
esos
aquellos

Feminine singular:

esta
esa
aquella

Feminine plural:

estas
esas
aquellas

In total there are 12 forms of demonstrative adjectives, divided into 3 groups according to their perceived distance from us:

este libro (this book)
estos libros (these books)
esta pluma (this pen)
estas plumas (these pens)

ese libro (that book)
esos libros (those books)
esa pluma (that pen)
esas plumas (those pens)

aquel libro (that book over there)
aquellos libros (those books over there)
aquella pluma (that pen over there)
aquellas plumas (those pens over there)

Here are the corresponding demonstrative pronouns:

este (this one – masculine)
estos (these ones – masculine)
esta (this one – feminine)
estas (these ones – feminine)

ese (that one – masculine)
esos (those ones – masculine)
esa (that one – feminine)
esas (those ones – feminine)

aquel (that one over there – masc.)
aquellos (those ones over there – masc.)
aquella (that one over there – fem.)
aquellas (those ones over there – fem.)

Each demonstrative pronoun also has a neuter form. They do not change according to number or gender, and they are used to refer to abstract ideas, or to an unknown object:

esto (this matter, this thing)
eso (that matter, that thing)
aquello (that matter/thing over there)

*In the past the demonstrative pronouns always carried a written accent, while the demonstrative adjectives did not.

EXERCISE: 106 Demonstratives | NEXT: 107 Personal Pronouns

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Spanish Beginners’ Course

Grammar
101 Possessive Adjectives
102 Gender
103 Adjectives
104 Plurals
105 Hay
106 Demonstratives
107 Personal Pronouns
108 Articles
109 Ser - To Be
110 Possessive Pronouns


Exercises
101 Possessive Adjectives
102 Gender
103 Adjectives
104 Plurals
105 Hay
106 Demonstratives
107 Personal Pronouns
108 Articles
109 Ser - To Be
110 Estar - To Be

Vocabulary
101 Family
102 Clothes
103 Travel
104 Personal Information
105 City
106 Body
107 Professions
108 Descriptions
109 Shops
110 Home Contents

Listening practice
101 Possessive Adjectives
102 Gender of nouns
103 Adjectives
104 Plurals
105 Hay
106 Demonstratives
107 Personal pronouns
108 Articles
109 Ser
110 Estar
111 Possessive pronouns

Dialogues
101 Un día en la vida
102 En el aula de clase
103 En la escuela de idiomas
104 Al teléfono
105 Una tarde en la cocina
106 En un hotel
107 Conversación entre una pareja
108 Escuchando la radio
109 En la oficina de turismo
110 En la estación de trenes

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